Rapid-firing machine-gun.



F. E. LUNG.

RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1912.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

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RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1912.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

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RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29,1912. 1,070,826 Patented Aug 19, 1913.

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RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1912.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 29, 1912.

1,070,826, Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

P. 2.1mm. RAPID FIRING MACHINE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, I912.

Pa tented Aug. 19, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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FORREST E. 'LUNG, or KENDALLVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR. or ONE-THIRD 'ro MERRITT c. LUNG, or KENDALLVILLE, INDIANA.

RAPID-FIRING MACHINE-GUN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 29, 1912. Serial No. 706,834.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FORREST E. LUNG,

. a citizen of the United States, residing at useful Improvements in Rapid-Firing Machine-Guns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is an improved rapid firing machine gun and consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved machine gun of this character which is simple in construction, is not likely to'get out of order, may be readily operated and in which all the operating parts are so constructed and timed that each performs its function when the gun is operated either very rapidly or at a moderate rate of speed and in which there is no likelihood of interference between any of'the operating parts.

Another object of my invention is to provide means to prevent the undue heating of the gun barrel.

Another object is to effect improvements in the construction of the loading mechanism.

Another object is to elfect improvements in the construction of the firing mechanism.

Another object is to, efi'ect' improvements in the construction of the ejecting mechanism for the shells of the discharge cartridges. r

Another object is to provide. improved means for training and controlling the gun while the same is being fired.

In the accompanying draWings:Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rapid firing machine gun constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view show ing the reverse side thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal central sectional view of the same. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the same, the gun barrel being shown in transverse section. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of thesame. Fig. Sis a vertical'transverse'isectional' View on the plane indicated "by the'line w-m of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view of the pump for supplying water to and maintaining a circulation of, water in the water jacket which cools the gun barrel. Fig. 8 is a detail end elevation of the gun barrel and the pump. Fig. 9 is partly a side elevation and partly a verimproved rapid firing machine gun.

tical central sectional view of one of the cartridge cases used in connection with my Fi 10 is a detail side elevation, partly in se tion, of the cartridge case for supplying cartridges to the gun. Fig. 11 is a rear elevation of the same, partly in vertical section.

. Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view of the same, on a larger scale on the plane indicated by the line ee of Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view of a valveplug for an opening in the upper side of the water I tank.

The gun carriage or support may in prac tice, be of any suitable construction. For the purpose of this specificationit is here shown as'a standard 1 having a circular cap 2. The standard is here shown as hollow and the cap is provided with a central opening and is also provided, on its upper side, with a circular tongue 3 which is concentric with the circular opening. A base 4: is also provided which has a lower portion 5 that bears on the cap 2 and is provided in its under side with a circular groove 6 which is engaged by the tongue 3. The base is also the upper side of which is semi-circular in shape and the lug is provided with a transverse opening which is concentric with its semi-circular upper side. A pivot stud 8 has its upper end secured in the center of the base. This pivot stud extends down through the central opening in the cap and is provided with a Washer 9 which bears against the under side of the cap at its center and is also provided with a nut 10. Hence the base, which carries the gun, is pivotally mounted on the cartridge or support and enables the gun to be trained in any direction as will'be understood.

The body 11 of the gun comprises a breech piece 12 and a front piece 13 which are pro- Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

provided with an upwardly extending lug 7 vided with overlapping parts 14-15 respectively, which are connected to ether by transverse screws 16. An opening i-formed between the opposing walls 1718. of the breech piece and front piece and also between the overlapping parts 1415of the said pieces and in this openin is mounted a revoluble cylinder 19. The cy inder is keyed on av shaft 20 which has its bearings as at 21, in the walls 1718 and the said shaft extends rear wardly in the chamber 22 which is formed in the breech piece 12, the said ing handle 41.

breech piece being hollow, as indicatedin Fig. 3. The key which secures the cylinder on the shaft is shown at 23. A wheel 24 is secured on the rear end of the said shaft and projects through an opening in the rear end of the breech piece. This wheel is provided on its front side with ratchet teeth 25 which correspond in number with the chambers 26 of the cylinder 19. A cap 27 is provided which is detachably secured to the rear end of the breech piece by means of suitable screws or other devices and is employed to cover and protect the ratchet wheel 25.

The rear end of the barrel 28 is screwed in the front piece 13 of the gun body, as at 29 and the barrel is so arranged that each chamber of the cylinder successively alines with the bore of the barrel when the cylinder is rotated. The front piece 13 of the gun body has a forwardly projecting annulus 30 around the rear end of the barrel and to this annulus is screwed a tubular casing 31 which is of greater diameter than and is concentric with the barrel. A. cap 32 is screwed on the front end of the barrel and forms a closure for the front end of the casing, around the barrel, and is held in place by a nut 33. Hence the casing forms a water jacket 34 around the barrel for the purpose of preventing the barrel from becoming overheated when the gun is in action.

On the under side of the breech piece of the gun body, near the front end of the breech piece are a pair of depending spaced lugs 35 which receive the lug 7 of the base between them. A pivot pin 36, which is horizontal, passes through central openings in the lugs 7 35 and serves to mount the gun on the base 4 for angular movement in a vertical plane. This pin 36 is engaged by a set screw 37 which is in a threaded opening in the lug 7, the said set screw serving to prevent the pin 36 from turning, and on the left hand endof they said pin, looking forwardly, is a circular head 38 which forms a brake element. The left hand lug 35 is provided with arearwardly extending arm 39 to which is secured a lever 40, for training the gun, the said lever being provided at its rear end with a downwardly project- The' front end of the said lever is here shown as secured to the arm 39 by means, of bolts 42. A lever 43 is pivotally connected to the rear end of the training lever 40 as at 44, and to the upper end of the said lever 43 is pivotally connected the rear end of a rod 45. A brake band 46 passes around and engages the brake element 38. One end of this brake band is secured to a screw stud 47 which projects norogeae engages a direction roller 49 which is mountmay be trained and, adjusted as required un der all conditions.

On the under side of the breech piece 12, at a suitable distance from the rear end thereof, is a depending support 51, for a shaft 52 which is here shown as screwed at one end in the said support. On this shaft is mounted a master spur gear 53 which is formed with a tubular hub 54 that projects from its outer side and on the outer end of the said shaft 52 is mounted a hand crank 55, the hub portion 56 of which is provided with teeth 57 which engage notches 58 in the hub 54 of the master gear. This master gear and its actuating crank 55 are arranged on the right hand side of the gun body, looking forwardly. The crank 55 has a crank handle 59 which may be readily turned by the right hand of the gunner.

At a suitable distance in front of the support 51, the breech piece 12 of the gun body is also provided with a depending support 60 which carries a stub shaft 61 on which a spur gear 62 is mounted. The gear 62 engages the gear 53 and is provided on its outer side with a crank disk 63. A shaft 64 has its bearings in the side walls of the hollow or chambered port-ion of the breech double crank shaft 64 is a spur gear 67 which also'engages the gear 53 and is of same size and contains the same number of teeth or spurs as the gear 62 so that the crankdisk 60 and the cranks 65 66 are all turned at the same rate of speed when the gear 5 3is revolved by the crank handle 55.

On the left hand side of the breechpiece 12, at a point immediately in rear of the cylinder 19 is a loading hopper 68lwhich .is open. at its upper side and the lower side of which forms a bore 69 open at its front and rear ends and with which each chamber of the cylinder 19 successively aliues, when the cylinder'is rotated. A loading rod 70 operates in a guide 71 which is also secured on the left hand side of the breech piece.

the said loading rod being adapted at each forward stroke thereof to enter the bore on the inner side of which is a stud 77.

and force a cartridge therefrom forwardly into that chamber of the cylinder 19 which is in alinement with the said loading bore. On the inner side of the loading hopper, at the upper, open end thereof is a groove 72 which is horizontally arranged and at the outer side of the loading hopper is a clamping member 73, which is pivotally mounted as at 74. This clamping member projects above the upper side of the loading hopper and its upwardly projecting portion is provided with a groove-75 which is oppo= site and spaced from the groove 72. The said clamping element also has a downwardly projecting finger piece or arm 76 A similar stud 78 projects from the opposing side of the loading hopper and a coiled extension spring 79, which is arranged between the loading hopper, and the arm or finger piece 76 of the clamping member has its ends engaged around the said studs so that the spring is held in place thereby. This spring acts to normally keep the clamping member in closed position as shown in Fig. 5.

An arm 79 is secured to and extends downwardly and outwardly from the lefthand side of the breech piece of the gun body and to this arm is pivoted the lower end of a rock arm 80, the pivot for the latter being shown at 81. The upper end of the rock arm is provided with a slot 82 and this slot is engaged by a pivot stud and tap pet 83 which projects outwardly from the loading rod 70. A link 84 has its .frontend pivotally connected as at 85 to the crank and has its rear end pivotally connected as at 86 to the rock arm 80 at a point near the center of said rock arm.

A rocking lever 87 is arranged in the chamber 22 and is pivotally mounted as at- 88 at a point intermediate its ends. At the front end of the said rocking lever is a slot 85) which is engaged by the wrist of the crank 66, the extreme front end of the rocking lever being semicircular in form, as at 00 and forminga tappet. A pawl 91 has its lower end pivotally connected to the rear end of the rocking lever as at 92. The upper end of the pawl is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel 24 which turns the cylinder 19 and the said pawl is held in engaged position by means of a spring 93. Atthe center of the rocking lever, immediately above its pivot or fulcrum 88 is an upwardly extending arm 94. v

A firing pin 95 is mounted as at 96 in the front wall 17 of the breech piece 12 and at such a point that when the cylinder 19 is stationary the front end ofthe firing pin is coincident with the center of the rear end of the upper chamber of the said cylinder and which chamber is coincident with the bore of the barrel. This firing pin is tending rod 102 which isconcentric there= with and the rear portion of which operates in a guide sleeve 103 which is screwed in a support 104. On the under side of the rod 102 of the firing bolt is a notch 105 which I will call a cocking notch. A spring 106, which is here shown as a coiled spring arranged on the rod 102 is employed to operate the firing bolt and cause the latter to strike the firing pin. VVhen the firing bolt is retracted or moved rearwardly the cocking notch 105 is engaged by a trigger 107.

The trigger is pivotally mounted as at 108 and has a rearwardly extending arm 109 which is at the upper end of the path of movementof the pawl 91 so that as the said pawl nears its upward movement when operated by the rocking lever and to turn the gear 25 to the extent of one of its teeth, the said pawl engages the arm 109 of the trigger and releases the trigger from the cocking notch 105, thereby releasing the firing bolt: and enabling the spring 106 to operate the firing bolt and hence also the firing pin.

A retracting lever 110 is also arranged in the chamber 22 of the breech piece 12 and is pivotally mounted as at 111 at a point a suitable distance from its lower end. A link 112 has its rear end pivotally connect ed to the upper end of the arm 94 of the rocking lever 87 as at 113 and has its front end pivotally connected to the lower end of the retracting lever as at 114'. At the upper end of the retracting lever is a catch 115 which is pivotally mounted as at 116, and has a stop shoulder 117 to engage the upper end of the said retracting lever. This catch is normally held in extended position. in line with the retracting lever, by a spring 118 and the upper end of the said catch describes, by the movement of the re tracting lever, an are which intersects the path of movement of the retracting arm 101. demo at each rear stroke of the upper end of the retracting lever the catch engages the retracting arm 10 l and moves the firing bolt rearwardly until, the cocking notch 105 i the tension of the spring 118, so as to clear the retracting arm and reassume its normal position, shown in Fig. 3, at a point in advance of the retracting arm.

The cylinder 19 is provided at its periphery with ejectors for the shells of the discharged cartridges, the said ejectors .being arranged in radial alinement with the chambers of the cylinder, one of the ejectors being provided for each chamber. Each ejector is here indicated at 119 and comprises a longitudinally movable rod 120 provided at its rear end with anejector plate 121' and provided at its front end with a tappet 122 which projects radially from the periphery of the cylinder. On each ejector rod is a spring 123 to move the same forwardly so as to keep the engaging edge of the ejector plate in front ofthe base or breech flange of the cartridge shell. 1 Each ejector plate ishere shown as threaded to rods are mounted. x

the rear end df its ejector rod and screw caps 124 are here shown threaded in the front ends of the guide slots" in which the ejector '19 which occurs immediately afterjeach cartridge is fired. An ejector bolt operating lever 128 is pivotally mounted as at 129, at a point a suitable distance from its lower end, on an arm 130 which is secured to and projects from the front side of the gun body. The upper end of'the lever 128 is provided with a slot 131 which is engaged by a stud '132 which projects from the ejector bolt.

A pitman 133 has its rear end pivotally connected to the" wrist'pin 134 of thecrank disk and has its front end pivotally connected as at 135 to" the, lower end of the ejector bolt operating lever 128. I

In the 'rear end of the cylinder 19 are curved stop grooves 136, one for each chamber of the, cylinder. A stop pin 137 is mounted for longitudinal movement in a guide sleeve "138 which is here shown as screwed in the wall 17 of the breech piece 12. This stop pin is so located that it is adapted to"si1cce'ssively engage each of the stop grooves 136 of the cylinder and the said step pin is normally held in disengaged position by a spring 139. The stop pin has a head 140. which projects rearwardly from the wall 17 and is in the path of and en-' gaged with an operating arm 141 which is arranged in the chamber 22 and is pivotally mounted at its upper end as at 142. This stop pin operating arm is provided on its 'rear side with. a concave face 143 which is adapted to be engaged by the tappet 90 formed by the front end of the rocking le ver 87.

In connection with my improved machine gun I provide a cartridge case'144, shown in detail in Figs. 10 and 12.- The cartridge case comprises a pair of'segmental members 145 hinged together on the front side as at 146 and one of the said members is provided, at the rear side, with a spring catch 147, to engage the other member when. the case is closed and thereby secure the members together. At the lower ends of the said side members are out-turned flanges 148 which are adapted to be engaged with the grooves 727 5 of the hopper and its clamping member 73 and thereby the cartridge case can be detachably connected to the upper end of the hopper so that the lower, open end of the cartridge case will communicate directly with the hopper and permit cartridges from the case, by gravity, to move downwardly from the case into the hopper and thereby automatically feed the hopper with cartridges. The hopper is provided in its side Walls, at its breech, with vertical grooves 149 for engagement by the breech flanges of the cartridges and hence the cartridges are prevented fi-om jamming. The cartridges are arranged in the case in slightly overlapping relation with the breech flange of each cartridge engaged at its lower side with the rear side of the breech flange of the cartridge just below. The cartridges are held in the case, prior to the connection of the case with the hopper of the gun by a spring pin or key 150 which comprises a central open ring or loop 151, adapted to be readily grasped, and a pair of oppositely extending arms 152 which arms terminate in points 153 which are adapted to be inserted in openings in one side of the cartridge case, near the lower end of the latter, and to pass under the lowermost cartridge so as to support the weight of and keep the cartridges in the case. As soon 'as the cartridge case has been connected to the upper end of the hopper in a manner hereinbefore described, the key is removed, thereby permitting the cartridges to descend by gravity in the case and from the latter into the hopper.

- When-the crank 55 is turned in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1, 2

and {tithe gear ,53 causes the gears 62 and 67 to rotate in the reverse directien. The

cranks and 66, are at an angle to each other, are both in the same shaft which is rotated by the gear 67, these cranks respectively actuating the rock arm which operates the loading bolt'70 and the-rocking lever 87 which actuates the mechanisms that turn the cylinder so as to bring the loaded chambers of the cylinder successively in line with the bore of the barrel and the retracting mechanism which retracts the firing bolt. The rocking lever 87 is moved by the operation of the crank 66 in the slot- 89 the said slot permitting the rocking lever to remain at rest during intervals of the rotation of the c'rank 66. As the front end of the rocking lever 87 is moved. downwardly by the action of the crank 66 the arm 94 thereof is moved forwardly thus moving the retracting lever 110 rearwardly and causing the catch 115 to engage the retracting arm 101 and move the firing bolt to cocked position as hereinbefore described. The corresponding upward movement of the rear end of the rcckinglcver causes the pawl 91 which is engaged with one tooth of the ratchetgear 24 to turn the said gear through a partial rota-.

tion corresponding with the width of that tooth and with the space between two of the chambers of the cylinder 19 so that the cylinder is partly turned and its upper chambcr, containing a loaded cartridge, is brought into register with the bore of the gun barrel. The mechanism is so timed that just before the pawl 91 completes its actuating stroke the front, tappet end 90 of the rocking lever is moved forwardly into engagement with the arm 141 and turns the said arm forwardly a slight distance on its pivot- 142 thereby causing said arm to move the stop pin 137 forwardly against the tension of its spring 139 and engage the front end of the stop pin with one of the stop grooves 136 of the cylinder, thereby locking the cylinder and holding it in position with its upper, loaded .chamber in registry with the bore of the barrel 28. As the pawl 91 completes its actuatingstroke and immediately after the cylinder has been thus locked, the upper end of the pawl engages the rear end 109 of'the trigger and turns the said arm 109 upwardly, against the tension of the spring 154, thus disengaging the trigger from the cooking notch 105 of the firing bolt and releasin the latter so that'its spring 106 causes the ring bolt to strike the head of the firing pin and hence discharge the Owing to the position of the slot 89 in the rocking lever 87 the rocking lever dwells at intervals during each rotation of the crank 66 and owing to the provision of the concave face 143 of the arm 41 the tappet end 90 of the rocking lever continues in engagement with said arm during a portion of each rotation of the crank 66 and hence maintains the stop pin in engaged position with the cylinder 19, and to lock the cylinder and while the cylinder is thus locked, the crank-65, owing to its angular relation to the crank 66 moves the rock arm 80 forwardly and causes said rock arm to move the loading bolt forwardly so as to load the next chamber of the cylinder. Since both the loading mechanism and the 'atcd by the ejector bolt.

firing mechanism are actuated by cranks of a single shaft there is no possibility of such mechanisms getting out of time and hence the gun is prevented from getting out of order no matter how rapidly it is being fired. The ejecting mechanism as well as the loading and firing mechanism are directlycontrolled by the same master gear, the gear 67 of the loading and firing mechanism being of the same size as the gear 62 which. operates the ejector mechanism and both the said gears being engaged and directly driven by a master gear, it follows that the ejector mechanism is also exactly timed with respect to the loading and firing mechanisms and cannot get out of time and cause the gun to get out of order. The gun can be supplied with loaded cartridge cases one after another in rapid succession and the master gear rapidly revolved and hence the gun is capable of firing very rapidly and at the rate of from two hundred to four hundred shots per minute, according to the size of the gears. the number of chambers provided in the cylinder and the corresponding number of teeth on the gear 24 which rotates the cylinder.

A pump valve 155 is mounted on the water jacket case 31 of the barrel 28 on the same side as and at a suitable distance in advance of the guide 126 in which the ejector bolt 125 operates and the valved plunger 156, which operates in the pump valve has its plunger rod 157 connected to the extended front end of the ejector bolt as at 158. Hence the valved pump plunger is actu- Atthe front end of the pump valve is a suitable valve 159 and near the rear end thereof, on the lower side, is another valve 160. A pipe 161 connects the front end of the pump valve to the water jacket at a'point near the muzzle of the gun barrel this pipe 161 including a detachable section. 161, which is connected thereto by a joint 161". A discharge cock 162 is provided-for the water jacket and is located near the front end thereof. A pipe 163 connects the rear portion of the pump valve with the water jacket, at a point near the breech of the barrel this pipe 163 including a detachable section 163 connected there to by a joint 163".

It will be understood that the pump is thus actuated when the gun is in action and keeps the water circulating through the water jacket and the pipes 161-163,-thereby keeping the barrel of the gun from becoming overheated.

If preferred, the pump can be supplied with water from a suitable receptacle by a rubber hose, in order to keep the barrel of the gun cool.

While I have herein shown and described a preferred form of my invention I will have it understood that changes may be made in the form, arrangement and construction of the several parts without departing from the spirit of my invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention what is claimed as new is:

1. In a machine gun, the combination of a barrel a cylinder mounted for rotation and having chambers to successively register with the bore of the barrel, a shaft having a pair of cranks, loading mechanism for the cylinder operable by one of said cranks, and firing mechanism and cylinder revolving mechanism operated by the other crank.

2. In a machine gun, the combination of a cylinder mounted for rotation, a shaft having a pair of cranks, loading mechanism for the cylinder operable by one of said cranks, firing mechanism and cylinder revolving mechanism operated by the other crank, a second shaft having a crank and an ejecting mechanism operated by the ing a spur gear, an ejecting mechanism operated by the crank of the second shaft, and a master gear engaging the gear of the crank shaft to rotate both of said crank shafts.

4. In a machine gun, the combination of a cylinder mounted for rotation and having a shaft provided with a ratchet wheel, a longitudinal movable firing bolt having a retracting arm and a cooking notch, a spring vto project the firing bolt, a trigger to engage the cocking notch of the firing bolt when the latter is retracted, a rocking lever having a slot and also provided with a rocking arm, a retracting lever having a catch to engage the retracting arm of the firing bolt, an move the latter to cocked porovaeae sition, a link connecting the retracting lever to the arm of the rocking lever, a ratchet connected to the rocking lever and operable thereby to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel successively and to also trip the trigger, and a shaft having a crank,the wrist of which operates in the slot of the rocking lever.

5. In a machine gun, the combination of a cylinder mounted for rotation, a locking mechanism for the cylinder, a crank shaft, a firing mechanism and a cylinder revolving mechanism and a rocking lever forming a common operating element for-the firing mechanism and the cylinder revolving mech anism, the said rocking lever having a slot engaged by the crank of said shaft, the said rocking lever also having a tappet to engage and actuate the cylinder locking mechanism.

6. In a machine gun, the combination of a revolving cylinder, an ejector carried by the cylinder and having a tappet projecting radially from the periphery of the cylinder, a spring to move the ejector to closed position, an ejector bolt mounted for reciprocating movement and arranged .so that its path will be intersected by the tappet of the ejector carried by the cylinder, and means to operate the ejector bolt.

7. In a machine gun, the combination of a cylinder mounted for rotation and provided with stop'slots, a stop pin to successively engage said stop slots, a spring to normally move the stop pin to disengaged position, a lever to actuate the stop pin and having a cam face, a firing mechanism including a rocking lever having a slot and also having a cam end to engage the cam face of the said lever, and a crank shaft, the wrist of which is engaged in the slot of the said rocking lever.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FORREST E. LUNG.

Witnesses Mennrrr C. LUNG, PAUL M. BREIDERT. 

